Educause Review article looks at the opportunities and threats of 'unbundling' aspects of higher education. In relation to micro-credentials there are issues around 'value, stigma and legitimacy' which can challenge traditional education pathways, or be used to challenge more flexible pathways. "certification is an equity issue" Commercialization v's democratic citizenship.
"Higher education is a hybrid ecology. Other possibilities for shaping provision include the model of the commons. The idea of the commons places knowledge and educators as knowledge producers in charge at the center, in a shared understanding. This approach foregrounds co-creation and participation. It develops governance mechanisms premised on shared resources. And it shifts the discourse from a market-led higher education knowledge economy to an open, collaborative, learning-led knowledge society."
https://er.educause.edu/articles/2018...her-education-in-an-age-of-inequality
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"Micro-credentials are not a silver bullet, but with thoughtful implementation they can supplement and complement quality higher education systems and enable opportunities for learners across the lifespan. A society that works towards more granular certified learning to incentivise its citizens to continue to learn and warrant their achievements will be on the path to a happier and healthier
culture, and a stronger economy."
Emeritus Professor Beverley Oliver. (August 2019)
https://dteach.deakin.edu.au/2019/08/02/microcredentials
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This articles explores the meaning of empowerment in the teaching and learning of mathematics. It distinguishes between three different but complementary meanings of empowerment concerning mathematics: mathematical, social and epistemological empowerment. The article concludes that an empowerment perspective can address some of the problems of inequity. In so doing, differential levels of epistemological empowerment by girls and women, can encompasses confidence and self-perceptions of efficacy and autonomy.
http://socialsciences.exeter.ac.uk/ed...rch/centres/stem/publications/pmej/po
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